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Geographic atrophy is an advanced form of dry macular degeneration. This occurs when waste products have been reabsorbed by the body and in its place, there is a loss of photoreceptors and other tissue that supports the healthy retina. It is called geographic atrophy because the appearance looks like different countries on a map. Atrophy may begin in a localized zone within the macula. It may also be found in several spots. These spots will coalesce into either a “C” shape or a backward C shape depending on the eye. When this happens, patients often notice blank spots in their vision or have difficulty reading. Eventually, the geographic atrophy collides with the center of one’s vision resulting in a gradual decline of sight.